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- IaC and config
- Terraform, Ansible (playbooks, roles, YAML, Jinja2), CloudFormation, Puppet, Chef, Salt
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- CI/CD
- Azure DevOps, GitHub Actions, GitLab CI/CD, Jenkins, Octopus Deploy, AWS CodePipeline, Git, pull-request review and branching/tagging strategy; canary, A/B and blue-green deployment
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- Cloud
- AWS (EC2, S3, RDS, VPC), Azure (VMs, Storage, Virtual Networking, Azure DevOps), Google Cloud Platform, OpenStack, hybrid cloud, migration and cost optimization
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- Containers
- Docker, Kubernetes, microservices and service mesh, HashiCorp Nomad and Consul, LXC, Podman, KVM, VMware ESX/vCenter/Horizon, VDI
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- Observability
- ELK (Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana), Splunk, Dynatrace, Prometheus, Grafana, centralized logging, alerting and dashboards, SLOs/SLIs, on-call incident response, postmortems and RCA, SRE practices, ServiceNow/AIOps
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- Linux and OS
- RHEL, CentOS, Debian, Ubuntu, HP-UX, Solaris, FreeBSD, Red Hat Satellite, Windows Server, Active Directory / IAM
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- Languages
- Python, Bash / ksh / zsh, PowerShell, Perl, Ruby, PHP, SQL, C / C++ / C#, Java, JavaScript / TypeScript
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- Databases
- Oracle, MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite, Microsoft SQL Server
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- Operations
- on-call and Tier 2/3 escalation, SOPs and runbooks, release and change management, capacity planning, backup and disaster recovery, SLA adherence, ITIL, Agile / Scrum, Jira, Confluence
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- Network and security
- IPv4/IPv6, routing, firewalls, load balancers and reverse proxies (nginx, Apache), Cisco IOS, Wireshark / libpcap, POSIX sockets, DNS, SSH, RADIUS, site-to-site VPN, VoIP / SIP / Asterisk, vulnerability scanning and patching